My parents are in their 80's. My mom did not work while we kids were living at home. After the youngest left for college, she worked for 10+ years at relatively low-paying clerical jobs. I assumed she has been drawing a SS spousal benefit, since my dad's SS is significantly higher than hers. She just mentioned that she has only been getting SS based on her own earnings, because they are under the impression that if she takes a spousal benefit, it would reduce the amount my dad receives, and/or the amount that she would receive if he dies first.
I told them that based on what I'd read in your PBS columns, this is not true. Can she apply for the higher spousal benefit now? Is this an arduous task?

Hi,

Yes, your mother can still apply for spousal benefits. Her spousal benefits (if any) wouldn't affect your father's benefits, nor her potential widow's benefits in the event that your father dies first. If your mother is eligible for spousal benefits, she could only be paid retroactively for up to 6 months from the month that she effectively files her application.

It generally isn't difficult to apply for benefits, but your mother will need to either call of visit a Social Security office to do so. She can make an appointment by calling 1-800-772-1213. If she is eligible for spousal benefits, she will likely want to contact Social Security immediately to prevent a further loss of benefits.

Best, Jerry